Soal SMA · Soal cerita · Kesulitan 3/5
A study of 500 students found that those who ate breakfast daily scored 10% higher on average than those who skipped breakfast. The researchers concluded that eating breakfast causes better academic performance. Which of the following is the most serious flaw in this conclusion?
- A.The sample size was too small to draw any conclusion.
- B.Students who eat breakfast may also have other habits, such as adequate sleep, that improve performance.
- C.The study did not measure the exact nutritional content of the breakfasts.
- D.Academic performance was measured only once.
Kunci jawaban & pembahasan
Jawaban: Students who eat breakfast may also have other habits, such as adequate sleep, that improve performance.
The conclusion assumes causation from correlation; a confounding variable like sleep habits could explain both breakfast eating and higher scores.
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